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  4. Human Health and Diseases Chapter-Wise Test 2

Human Health and Diseases Chapter-Wise Test 2

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following statements about phagocytosis is correct?

Phagocytosis is the process of immune cells engulfing pathogens.
Only B-cells perform phagocytosis.
Phagocytosis occurs exclusively in the liver.
Phagocytosis is not involved in immune defense.
1

Phagocytosis is the process by which immune cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, engulf and destroy pathogens.

Which of the following statements about lymphatic circulation is incorrect?

Lymphatic vessels transport lymph.
Lymphatic vessels help in fat absorption.
Lymphatic circulation includes a pump similar to the heart.
Lymph nodes filter pathogens from lymph.
3

The lymphatic system does not have a pump like the heart; lymph flows through contraction of muscles and one-way valves.

Which organ is primarily affected by Hepatitis B virus (HBV)?

Lungs
Kidneys
Liver
Heart
3

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) primarily affects the liver, leading to inflammation and potential liver damage.

Which pathogen is responsible for causing diphtheria?

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Salmonella typhi
Haemophilus influenzae
1

Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which produces a toxin affecting the throat and respiratory system.

Which of the following cells are involved in the production of antibodies?

T-cytotoxic cells
Macrophages
Plasma cells
Basophils
3

Plasma cells, derived from B-lymphocytes, are responsible for producing antibodies.

Which of the following is a feature of active immunity?

It is short-lived
It involves memory cell formation
It is acquired from another individual
It does not involve antigen exposure
2

Active immunity involves the production of memory cells, which provide long-term protection after exposure to antigens.

Which immunoglobulin is present in the highest concentration in blood plasma?

IgA
IgG
IgM
IgE
2

IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin in blood plasma and provides long-term immunity.

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of autoimmune diseases?

Overactive immune response against self-cells
Failure of antigen recognition
Complete absence of immune cells
Uncontrolled production of antibodies against all antigens
1

Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own cells.

Which of the following immune components is involved in cell-mediated immunity?

B-cells
T-cytotoxic cells
Plasma cells
Erythrocytes
2

T-cytotoxic cells (CD8+ T-cells) are involved in cell-mediated immunity, which targets virus-infected cells.

Which of the following cells are responsible for allergic reactions?

Neutrophils
Mast cells
Macrophages
Erythrocytes
2

Mast cells release histamine and other chemicals that cause allergic reactions.

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