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  4. Breathing and Exchange of Gases Chapter-Wise Test 3

Breathing and Exchange of Gases Chapter-Wise Test 3

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which factor does not influence the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen?

Partial pressure of oxygen
pH level of the blood
Temperature
Nitrogen concentration
4

Nitrogen does not influence hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen, unlike pO₂, pH, and temperature.

Which of the following statements regarding lung volumes is incorrect?

Tidal volume is the air exchanged during normal breathing.
Vital capacity includes tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume.
Residual volume can be expelled from the lungs during forced expiration.
Functional residual capacity includes residual volume and expiratory reserve volume.
3

Residual volume remains in the lungs after forced expiration and cannot be expelled.

Which of the following statements about respiratory disorders is incorrect?

Asthma causes inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles.
Pneumonia is caused by viral or bacterial infection leading to alveolar inflammation.
Emphysema is a chronic disorder caused by damage to alveolar walls.
Silicosis is an allergic reaction leading to airway constriction.
4

Silicosis is not an allergic reaction; it is an occupational lung disease caused by prolonged exposure to silica dust.

What is the function of the respiratory rhythm center in the medulla oblongata?

Regulates oxygen transport
Controls the rate and rhythm of respiration
Enhances carbon dioxide elimination
Stimulates alveolar gas exchange
2

The respiratory rhythm center in the medulla oblongata is responsible for maintaining and controlling the rate and rhythm of breathing.

What is the normal respiratory rate in an average healthy human at rest?

5-10 breaths per minute
12-16 breaths per minute
20-25 breaths per minute
30-35 breaths per minute
2

The normal respiratory rate in a healthy resting adult is around 12-16 breaths per minute.

Which of the following best explains why carbon dioxide is transported more efficiently than oxygen in the blood?

Carbon dioxide is highly soluble in plasma.
Oxygen binds weakly to hemoglobin.
Carbon dioxide is actively transported by RBCs.
Oxygen is transported primarily as bicarbonate ions.
1

Carbon dioxide is 20-25 times more soluble in plasma than oxygen, which facilitates its efficient transport.

Which of the following correctly defines vital capacity?

TV + ERV
TV + IRV
TV + IRV + ERV
TV + IRV + ERV + RV
3

Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration. It includes Tidal Volume (TV), Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV), and Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV).

Which of the following statements about respiratory disorders is incorrect?

Asthma is characterized by bronchial constriction and inflammation.
Pneumonia is caused by bacterial or viral infection.
Emphysema leads to the destruction of alveolar walls.
Silicosis is a genetic disorder affecting lung function.
4

Silicosis is not a genetic disorder; it is caused by prolonged inhalation of silica dust.

Which of the following statements about oxygen transport is incorrect?

Most oxygen is carried by hemoglobin.
Oxygen binding to hemoglobin is irreversible.
Oxygen is released more easily in tissues with high CO₂ levels.
A small amount of oxygen is dissolved in plasma.
2

Oxygen binding to hemoglobin is reversible, allowing efficient oxygen loading in the lungs and unloading in tissues.

Which of the following statements about alveolar gas exchange is correct?

Gas exchange occurs through active transport.
Oxygen diffuses from the blood into the alveoli.
The diffusion of gases occurs due to partial pressure gradients.
Carbon dioxide moves into the blood from the alveoli.
3

Gas exchange occurs passively through diffusion, driven by partial pressure gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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